""" deb查看器 - Windows 下的 Debian 安装包查看/解压工具 功能: - 打开或拖放 .deb 文件 - 显示包元信息(包名、版本、架构、依赖等) - 预览 DEBIAN 目录中的脚本和文件 - 解压到指定目录,软链接转为文本文件 """ import os import sys import struct import stat import json import locale import tkinter as tk from tkinter import ttk, filedialog, messagebox import threading import tempfile import shutil # ─── 可选依赖 ───────────────────────────────────────────── try: import windnd HAS_WINDND = True except ImportError: HAS_WINDND = False try: import zstandard as zstd HAS_ZSTD = True except ImportError: HAS_ZSTD = False import gzip import lzma import bz2 import tarfile # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ # ar 格式解析 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ def parse_ar(data: bytes) -> dict[str, bytes]: """解析 ar 归档,返回 {文件名: 内容} 字典""" result = {} if data[:8] != b'!\n': raise ValueError("不是有效的 ar 归档格式") pos = 8 while pos < len(data): if pos + 60 > len(data): break header = data[pos:pos + 60] if header[58:60] != b'`\n': break name = header[:16].decode('ascii').strip().rstrip('/') size = int(header[48:58].decode('ascii').strip()) pos += 60 result[name] = data[pos:pos + size] pos += size if pos % 2 == 1: pos += 1 return result # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ # 解压缩 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ def decompress(data: bytes) -> bytes: """自动检测并解压缩 tar 数据""" if data[:2] == b'\x1f\x8b': return gzip.decompress(data) if data[:6] == b'\xfd7zXZ\x00': return lzma.decompress(data) if data[:3] == b'BZh': return bz2.decompress(data) if data[:4] == b'\x28\xb5\x2f\xfd': if HAS_ZSTD: return zstd.ZstdDecompressor().decompress(data) raise ImportError("检测到 zstd 压缩,需要安装 zstandard:pip install zstandard") return data # 未压缩 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ # DEBIAN 文件信息结构 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ class DebFileInfo: """DEBIAN 目录中的单个文件信息""" def __init__(self, name: str, size: int, mtime: float, mode: int): self.name = name self.size = size self.mtime = mtime self.mode = mode def is_text_content(data: bytes) -> bool: """判断内容是否为文本""" if b'\x00' in data[:8192]: return False try: data[:8192].decode('utf-8') return True except UnicodeDecodeError: try: data[:8192].decode('latin-1') return True except Exception: return False # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ # 配置文件 & 编码工具 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ def _get_config_path() -> str: """获取配置文件路径(用户临时目录)""" return os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), 'deb_viewer_config.json') def _load_config() -> dict: path = _get_config_path() if os.path.isfile(path): try: with open(path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f: return json.load(f) except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError): pass return {} def _save_config(cfg: dict): path = _get_config_path() try: with open(path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: json.dump(cfg, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2) except OSError: pass def _get_ansi_codepage() -> str: """获取 Windows ANSI 代码页(用于 windnd 路径解码)""" try: import ctypes cp = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetACP() return f'cp{cp}' except Exception: return locale.getpreferredencoding(False) or 'mbcs' # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ # .deb 包解析 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ def scan_deb(filepath: str) -> dict: """扫描 .deb 文件,返回解析结果""" with open(filepath, 'rb') as f: data = f.read() archive = parse_ar(data) # ── debian-binary ── deb_binary = archive.get('debian-binary', b'').decode('utf-8', errors='replace').strip() # ── control.tar.* ── control_raw = None for key in ('control.tar.gz', 'control.tar.xz', 'control.tar.zst', 'control.tar.bz2', 'control.tar'): if key in archive: control_raw = archive[key] break if control_raw is None: raise ValueError("未找到 control.tar.*") control_data = decompress(control_raw) info = {'deb_binary': deb_binary, 'fields': {}, 'debian_files': []} with tarfile.open(fileobj=__import__('io').BytesIO(control_data)) as tf: for m in tf.getmembers(): name = os.path.basename(m.name) if not name: continue info['debian_files'].append(DebFileInfo( name=name, size=m.size, mtime=m.mtime, mode=m.mode )) if name == 'control': fobj = tf.extractfile(m) if fobj: text = fobj.read().decode('utf-8', errors='replace') current_key = None for line in text.split('\n'): if line and not line[0].isspace() and ':' in line: k, v = line.split(':', 1) current_key = k.strip() info['fields'][current_key] = v.strip() elif current_key and line.startswith((' ', '\t')): info['fields'][current_key] += '\n' + line.rstrip() # ── data.tar.* 仅读取文件列表 ── data_raw = None for key in ('data.tar.gz', 'data.tar.xz', 'data.tar.zst', 'data.tar.bz2', 'data.tar'): if key in archive: data_raw = archive[key] break data_entries = [] if data_raw: data_decompressed = decompress(data_raw) with tarfile.open(fileobj=__import__('io').BytesIO(data_decompressed)) as tf: for m in tf.getmembers(): entry = { 'name': m.name, 'size': m.size, 'isdir': m.isdir(), 'issym': m.issym(), 'linkname': m.linkname if m.issym() else '', } data_entries.append(entry) info['data_entries'] = data_entries return info def read_debian_file(filepath: str, filename: str) -> bytes | None: """从 .deb 中读取 DEBIAN 目录下的指定文件内容""" with open(filepath, 'rb') as f: data = f.read() archive = parse_ar(data) control_raw = None for key in ('control.tar.gz', 'control.tar.xz', 'control.tar.zst', 'control.tar.bz2', 'control.tar'): if key in archive: control_raw = archive[key] break if not control_raw: return None control_data = decompress(control_raw) with tarfile.open(fileobj=__import__('io').BytesIO(control_data)) as tf: for m in tf.getmembers(): if os.path.basename(m.name) == filename: fobj = tf.extractfile(m) return fobj.read() if fobj else None return None # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ # 解压功能 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ def extract_deb(filepath: str, dest: str, progress_cb=None): """解压 .deb 到目标目录,软链接转为文本文件""" with open(filepath, 'rb') as f: data = f.read() archive = parse_ar(data) data_raw = None for key in ('data.tar.gz', 'data.tar.xz', 'data.tar.zst', 'data.tar.bz2', 'data.tar'): if key in archive: data_raw = archive[key] break if not data_raw: raise ValueError("未找到 data.tar.*") data_decompressed = decompress(data_raw) # 同时解压 DEBIAN 目录 control_raw = None for key in ('control.tar.gz', 'control.tar.xz', 'control.tar.zst', 'control.tar.bz2', 'control.tar'): if key in archive: control_raw = archive[key] break os.makedirs(dest, exist_ok=True) # ── 解压 DEBIAN/ ── if control_raw: control_data = decompress(control_raw) deb_dir = os.path.join(dest, 'DEBIAN') os.makedirs(deb_dir, exist_ok=True) with tarfile.open(fileobj=__import__('io').BytesIO(control_data)) as tf: for m in tf.getmembers(): basename = os.path.basename(m.name) if not basename: continue out_path = os.path.join(deb_dir, basename) if m.isdir(): continue fobj = tf.extractfile(m) if fobj: with open(out_path, 'wb') as out: out.write(fobj.read()) # ── 解压 data/ ── with tarfile.open(fileobj=__import__('io').BytesIO(data_decompressed)) as tf: members = tf.getmembers() total = len(members) for i, m in enumerate(members): # 构造输出路径,去掉第一层目录(如有) parts = m.name.split('/') if len(parts) > 1 and parts[0]: rel = '/'.join(parts[1:]) else: rel = m.name if not rel: continue out_path = os.path.join(dest, rel) out_path = os.path.normpath(out_path) # 安全检查:防止路径穿越 if not os.path.abspath(out_path).startswith(os.path.abspath(dest)): continue if m.isdir(): os.makedirs(out_path, exist_ok=True) elif m.issym(): # 软链接 → 文本文件,内容为目标路径 os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(out_path), exist_ok=True) with open(out_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write(m.linkname) elif m.islnk(): # 硬链接 → 复制目标文件内容 os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(out_path), exist_ok=True) fobj = tf.extractfile(m) if fobj: with open(out_path, 'wb') as f: f.write(fobj.read()) else: # 普通文件 os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(out_path), exist_ok=True) fobj = tf.extractfile(m) if fobj: with open(out_path, 'wb') as f: shutil.copyfileobj(fobj, f) try: os.chmod(out_path, m.mode) except (OSError, AttributeError): pass if progress_cb: progress_cb(i + 1, total) # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ # GUI 主类 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ class DebViewerApp: """deb查看器主窗口""" def __init__(self, root: tk.Tk): self.root = root self.root.title("deb查看器") self.root.geometry("960x720") self.root.minsize(800, 600) self.current_file = None self.control_text = {} # control 文件内容缓存 self._build_menu() self._build_toolbar() self._build_info_area() self._build_debian_area() self._build_preview_area() self._build_statusbar() self._setup_dnd() # 命令行参数 if len(sys.argv) > 1 and os.path.isfile(sys.argv[1]): self.root.after(100, lambda: self._open_file(sys.argv[1])) # ─── 菜单 ─────────────────────────────────────────── def _build_menu(self): menubar = tk.Menu(self.root) self.root.config(menu=menubar) file_menu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0) file_menu.add_command(label="打开(O)", command=self._browse_open, accelerator="Ctrl+O") file_menu.add_command(label="解压到...", command=self._browse_extract, accelerator="Ctrl+E") file_menu.add_separator() file_menu.add_command(label="退出", command=self.root.quit) menubar.add_cascade(label="文件", menu=file_menu) help_menu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0) help_menu.add_command(label="关于", command=self._show_about) menubar.add_cascade(label="帮助", menu=help_menu) self.root.bind('', lambda e: self._browse_open()) self.root.bind('', lambda e: self._browse_extract()) # ─── 工具栏 ────────────────────────────────────────── def _build_toolbar(self): bar = ttk.Frame(self.root, padding=4) bar.pack(fill='x') ttk.Button(bar, text="📂 打开", command=self._browse_open).pack(side='left', padx=2) self.btn_extract = ttk.Button(bar, text="📦 解压到...", command=self._browse_extract) self.btn_extract.pack(side='left', padx=2) self.btn_extract.state(['disabled']) ttk.Separator(bar, orient='vertical').pack(side='left', fill='y', padx=6) self.lbl_file = ttk.Label(bar, text="拖放 .deb 文件到此处,或点击打开") self.lbl_file.pack(side='left', padx=6) # ─── 包信息区 ──────────────────────────────────────── def _build_info_area(self): lf = ttk.LabelFrame(self.root, text=" 📋 包信息 ", padding=8) lf.pack(fill='x', padx=8, pady=(4, 2)) self.info_canvas = tk.Canvas(lf, height=140, highlightthickness=0) scrollbar = ttk.Scrollbar(lf, orient='vertical', command=self.info_canvas.yview) self.info_frame = ttk.Frame(self.info_canvas) self.info_frame.bind('', lambda e: self.info_canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.info_canvas.bbox('all'))) self._info_win = self.info_canvas.create_window((0, 0), window=self.info_frame, anchor='nw') self.info_canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set) # 内部 Frame 宽度跟随 Canvas 宽度 self.info_canvas.bind('', lambda e: self.info_canvas.itemconfigure(self._info_win, width=e.width)) self.info_canvas.pack(side='left', fill='both', expand=True) scrollbar.pack(side='right', fill='y') # 鼠标滚轮滚动 self.info_canvas.bind('', lambda e: self.info_canvas.bind_all('', self._on_info_scroll)) self.info_canvas.bind('', lambda e: self.info_canvas.unbind_all('')) self.info_labels = {} def _on_info_scroll(self, event): self.info_canvas.yview_scroll(-1 * (event.delta // 120), 'units') def _set_info(self, fields: dict): for w in self.info_frame.winfo_children(): w.destroy() self.info_labels.clear() if not fields: ttk.Label(self.info_frame, text="(无数据)").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='w') return important = [ ('Package', '包名'), ('Version', '版本'), ('Architecture', '架构'), ('Maintainer', '维护者'), ('Installed-Size', '安装大小'), ('Depends', '依赖'), ('Pre-Depends', '预依赖'), ('Section', '分类'), ('Priority', '优先级'), ('Homepage', '主页'), ('Description', '描述'), ] row = 0 shown = set() for key, label in important: if key in fields: ttk.Label(self.info_frame, text=f"{label}:", font=('', 9, 'bold') ).grid(row=row, column=0, sticky='ne', padx=(0, 6), pady=1) val = fields[key] lbl = ttk.Label(self.info_frame, text=val, wraplength=700, justify='left') lbl.grid(row=row, column=1, sticky='w', pady=1) shown.add(key) row += 1 # 其他字段 others = {k: v for k, v in fields.items() if k not in shown} if others: ttk.Separator(self.info_frame, orient='horizontal' ).grid(row=row, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky='ew', pady=4) row += 1 for k, v in others.items(): ttk.Label(self.info_frame, text=f"{k}:", font=('', 8) ).grid(row=row, column=0, sticky='ne', padx=(0, 6), pady=1) ttk.Label(self.info_frame, text=v, wraplength=700, foreground='gray40', justify='left').grid(row=row, column=1, sticky='w', pady=1) row += 1 # ─── DEBIAN 文件树 ─────────────────────────────────── def _build_debian_area(self): lf = ttk.LabelFrame(self.root, text=" 📁 DEBIAN 目录 ", padding=4) lf.pack(fill='x', padx=8, pady=2) cols = ('size', 'mode') self.tree = ttk.Treeview(lf, columns=cols, height=5, show='tree headings', selectmode='browse') self.tree.heading('#0', text='文件名', anchor='w') self.tree.heading('size', text='大小', anchor='e') self.tree.heading('mode', text='权限', anchor='center') self.tree.column('#0', width=260, minwidth=160) self.tree.column('size', width=90, minwidth=60, anchor='e') self.tree.column('mode', width=100, minwidth=70, anchor='center') sb = ttk.Scrollbar(lf, orient='vertical', command=self.tree.yview) self.tree.configure(yscrollcommand=sb.set) self.tree.pack(side='left', fill='both', expand=True) sb.pack(side='right', fill='y') self.tree.bind('<>', self._on_tree_select) self.debian_file_map = {} # iid → DebFileInfo def _set_debian_files(self, files: list[DebFileInfo]): self.tree.delete(*self.tree.get_children()) self.debian_file_map.clear() for f in files: iid = self.tree.insert('', 'end', text=f.name, values=(self._fmt_size(f.size), oct(f.mode)[-4:])) self.debian_file_map[iid] = f def _on_tree_select(self, event): sel = self.tree.selection() if not sel: return finfo = self.debian_file_map.get(sel[0]) if not finfo: return self._preview_debian_file(finfo.name) # ─── 预览区 ────────────────────────────────────────── def _build_preview_area(self): lf = ttk.LabelFrame(self.root, text=" 👁 预览 ", padding=4) lf.pack(fill='both', expand=True, padx=8, pady=(2, 4)) self.preview_text = tk.Text(lf, wrap='word', font=('Consolas', 10), state='disabled', undo=False) sb = ttk.Scrollbar(lf, orient='vertical', command=self.preview_text.yview) self.preview_text.configure(yscrollcommand=sb.set) self.preview_text.pack(side='left', fill='both', expand=True) sb.pack(side='right', fill='y') # 语法高亮标签 self.preview_text.tag_configure('header', foreground='#2563eb', font=('Consolas', 10, 'bold')) self.preview_text.tag_configure('binary', foreground='#9ca3af', font=('Consolas', 10, 'italic')) self.preview_text.tag_configure('keyword', foreground='#dc2626') self.preview_text.tag_configure('comment', foreground='#6b7280', font=('Consolas', 10, 'italic')) self.preview_text.tag_configure('path', foreground='#059669') def _set_preview(self, text: str, tag: str = None): self.preview_text.config(state='normal') self.preview_text.delete('1.0', 'end') if tag: self.preview_text.insert('1.0', text, tag) else: self.preview_text.insert('1.0', text) self._apply_syntax_highlight() self.preview_text.config(state='disabled') def _apply_syntax_highlight(self): """对 shell 脚本做简单语法高亮""" content = self.preview_text.get('1.0', 'end') lines = content.split('\n') for i, line in enumerate(lines): start = f"{i+1}.0" stripped = line.lstrip() if stripped.startswith('#'): self.preview_text.tag_add('comment', start, f"{i+1}.{len(line)}") for kw in ('if', 'then', 'else', 'elif', 'fi', 'case', 'esac', 'for', 'while', 'do', 'done', 'function', 'return', 'exit', 'echo', 'set ', 'dpkg', 'apt-get'): idx = line.find(kw) if idx >= 0: self.preview_text.tag_add('keyword', f"{i+1}.{idx}", f"{i+1}.{idx + len(kw)}") # ─── 状态栏 ────────────────────────────────────────── def _build_statusbar(self): self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="就绪") bar = ttk.Label(self.root, textvariable=self.status_var, relief='sunken', anchor='w', padding=(6, 2)) bar.pack(fill='x', side='bottom') def _set_status(self, text: str): self.status_var.set(text) self.root.update_idletasks() # ─── 拖放 ──────────────────────────────────────────── def _setup_dnd(self): if HAS_WINDND: windnd.hook_dropfiles(self.root, func=self._on_drop) else: # 简单的 Tkinter 拖放提示 self.root.drop_target_register = None def _on_drop(self, files): if files: path = files[0] if isinstance(path, bytes): path = path.decode(_get_ansi_codepage(), errors='replace') if path.lower().endswith('.deb'): self._open_file(path) else: messagebox.showwarning("提示", "请拖放 .deb 格式的文件") # ─── 文件操作 ──────────────────────────────────────── def _browse_open(self): # 初始目录:上次打开的文件所在目录,否则 exe/script 同级目录 cfg = _load_config() init_dir = cfg.get('last_dir', '') if not init_dir or not os.path.isdir(init_dir): if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False): init_dir = os.path.dirname(sys.executable) else: init_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)) path = filedialog.askopenfilename( title="选择 .deb 文件", initialdir=init_dir, filetypes=[("Debian 包", "*.deb"), ("所有文件", "*.*")] ) if path: _save_config({'last_dir': os.path.dirname(path)}) self._open_file(path) def _open_file(self, path: str): if not os.path.isfile(path): messagebox.showerror("错误", f"文件不存在:{path}") return self.current_file = path self.lbl_file.config(text=os.path.basename(path)) self._set_status(f"正在解析:{path} ...") self.btn_extract.state(['disabled']) def _load(): try: info = scan_deb(path) self.root.after(0, lambda: self._on_loaded(info)) except Exception as e: self.root.after(0, lambda: self._on_load_error(str(e))) threading.Thread(target=_load, daemon=True).start() def _on_loaded(self, info: dict): self.control_text.clear() # 包信息 self._set_info(info['fields']) # DEBIAN 文件树 self._set_debian_files(info['debian_files']) # 缓存 DEBIAN 文件内容 for f in info['debian_files']: content = read_debian_file(self.current_file, f.name) if content is not None: self.control_text[f.name] = content # 默认预览 control if 'control' in self.control_text: self._preview_debian_file('control') # 启用解压按钮 self.btn_extract.state(['!disabled']) pkg = info['fields'].get('Package', '?') ver = info['fields'].get('Version', '?') data_count = len(info.get('data_entries', [])) self._set_status(f"已加载:{pkg} {ver} | 包含 {data_count} 个文件/目录") def _on_load_error(self, err: str): self._set_status(f"解析失败") messagebox.showerror("解析错误", f"无法解析 .deb 文件:\n{err}") def _preview_debian_file(self, name: str): content = self.control_text.get(name) if content is None: self._set_preview(f"(无法读取 {name})", 'binary') return if name == 'control': self._set_preview(content.decode('utf-8', errors='replace')) elif name.endswith(('.sh', '.bash')): self._set_preview(content.decode('utf-8', errors='replace')) elif is_text_content(content): self._set_preview(content.decode('utf-8', errors='replace')) else: self._set_preview( f"[二进制文件 {name},{len(content)} 字节]\n" f"十六进制预览(前 512 字节):\n\n" + self._hex_dump(content[:512]), 'binary' ) @staticmethod def _hex_dump(data: bytes, cols: int = 16) -> str: lines = [] for i in range(0, len(data), cols): chunk = data[i:i+cols] hex_part = ' '.join(f'{b:02x}' for b in chunk) ascii_part = ''.join(chr(b) if 32 <= b < 127 else '.' for b in chunk) lines.append(f'{i:08x} {hex_part:<{cols*3}} {ascii_part}') return '\n'.join(lines) # ─── 解压 ──────────────────────────────────────────── def _browse_extract(self): if not self.current_file: messagebox.showinfo("提示", "请先打开一个 .deb 文件") return dest = filedialog.askdirectory(title="选择解压目标文件夹") if not dest: return pkg = self.control_text.get('Package', b'').decode() if 'Package' in self.control_text else 'deb' target = os.path.join(dest, os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(self.current_file))[0]) if os.path.exists(target) and os.listdir(target): if not messagebox.askyesno("确认", f"目录已存在且非空:\n{target}\n\n是否继续解压到此目录?"): return self._set_status("正在解压...") self.btn_extract.state(['disabled']) def _do_extract(): try: def progress(done, total): self.root.after(0, lambda: self._set_status( f"解压中... {done}/{total}")) extract_deb(self.current_file, target, progress_cb=progress) self.root.after(0, lambda: self._on_extract_done(target)) except Exception as e: self.root.after(0, lambda: self._on_extract_error(str(e))) threading.Thread(target=_do_extract, daemon=True).start() def _on_extract_done(self, path: str): self.btn_extract.state(['!disabled']) self._set_status(f"解压完成:{path}") if messagebox.askyesno("解压完成", f"文件已解压到:\n{path}\n\n是否打开该文件夹?"): os.startfile(path) def _on_extract_error(self, err: str): self.btn_extract.state(['!disabled']) self._set_status("解压失败") messagebox.showerror("解压错误", f"解压失败:\n{err}") # ─── 工具 ──────────────────────────────────────────── @staticmethod def _fmt_size(n: int) -> str: if n < 1024: return f"{n} B" elif n < 1024 * 1024: return f"{n/1024:.1f} KB" else: return f"{n/(1024*1024):.1f} MB" def _show_about(self): messagebox.showinfo("关于 deb查看器", "deb查看器 v1.0\n\n" "Windows 下的 Debian 安装包查看/解压工具\n\n" "功能:\n" " • 查看 .deb 包的元信息\n" " • 预览 DEBIAN 目录中的脚本和文件\n" " • 解压到指定目录(软链接转文本文件)\n\n" f"可选依赖:\n" f" • windnd (拖放支持): {'✓ 已安装' if HAS_WINDND else '✗ 未安装'}\n" f" • zstandard (zstd压缩): {'✓ 已安装' if HAS_ZSTD else '✗ 未安装'}\n" ) # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ # 入口 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ def main(): root = tk.Tk() app = DebViewerApp(root) # 无 windnd 时的拖放替代方案:绑定事件 if not HAS_WINDND: root.bind('', lambda e: None) root.mainloop() if __name__ == '__main__': main()